CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2024-25 Released: Subject Wise Syllabus

• Topic: Chemical reactions
• Sub-topic:
  • Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation
  • Types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Acids, bases, and salts
• Sub-topic:
  • Definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General properties, examples and uses, neutralization
  • Concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required),
  • importance of pH in everyday life;
  • preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide,
  • Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Metals and nonmetals
• Sub-topic:
  • Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series
  • Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Carbon compounds
• Sub-topic:
  • Covalent bonding in carbon compounds, Versatile nature of carbon.
  • Homologous series
  • Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, and alkynes),
  • difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons,
  • Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution reaction),
  • Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses),
  • soaps and detergents
• Weightage: 25 Marks

• Topic: Life processes
• Sub-topic:
  • Living Being, Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Control and coordination in animals and plants
• Sub-topic:
  • Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and coordination in animals: Nervous system
  • Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical coordination: animal hormones
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Reproduction
• Sub-topic:
  • Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health – need and methods of family planning
  • Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS, Child bearing and women’s health
• Weightage: 25 Marks
• Topic: Heredity and Evolution
• Sub-topic:
  • Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction: (topics excluded – evolution; evolution and classification and evolution should not be equated with progress)
• Weightage: 25 Marks

• Topic: Electricity
• Sub-topic:
  • Electric current, potential difference and electric current, Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends
  • Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life,
  • Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life, Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I, and R
• Weightage: 13 Marks
• Topic: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Sub-topic:
  • Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid;
  • Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
  • Direct current, Alternating current: frequency of AC, Advantage of AC over DC, Domestic electric circuits
• Weightage: 13 Marks

• Topic: Our Environment
• Sub-topic:
  • Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production and their solutions, Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances
• Weightage: 5 Marks

• Topics: Real Number
• Sub-topics: Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Proofs of irrationality
• Weightage: 6 Marks

• Topics:
  • Polynomials
  • Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables
  • Quadratic Equations
  • Arithmetic Progressions
• Sub-topics:
  • Zeros of a polynomial, Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials
  • Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution, consistency/inconsistency, Algebraic conditions for the number of solutions, Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variables algebraically
  • Standard form of a quadratic equation, Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula, Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots
  • Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nth term and sum of the first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topics: Coordinate Geometry
• Sub-topics: Concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations, Distance formula, Section formula (internal division)
• Weightage: 6 Marks

• Topics:
  • Triangles
  • Circles
• Sub-topics:
  • Definition, proofs
  • Tangent, proofs
• Weightage: 15 Marks

• Topics:
  • Introduction To Trigonometry
  • Trigonometric Identities
  • Heights and Distances: Angle of Elevation, Angle of Depression
• Sub-topics:
  • Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle, Proof of their existence (well defined); motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0 degrees and 90 degrees, Values of the trigonometric ratios of 300 , 450 and 600, Relationships between the ratios
  • Proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1, only simple identities
  • Simple problems on heights and distances, Problems should not involve more than two right triangles,Angles of elevation/depression should be only 30°, 45°, and 60°
• Weightage: 12 Marks

• Topics:
  • Areas related to Circles
  • Surface Area and Volumes
• Sub-topics:
  • Area of sectors and segments of a circle, Problems based on areas and perimeter/circumference of the above said plane figures, (In calculating the area of a segment of a circle, problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90° and 120° only
  • Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, and right circular cylinders/cones
• Weightage: 10 Marks

• Topics:
  • Statistics
  • Probability
• Sub-topics:
  • Mean, median, and mode of grouped data
  • Classical definition of probability, Simple problems on finding the probability of an event
• Weightage: 11 Marks

• Topic: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
• Sub-topic:
  • The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation,
  • The Making of Nationalism in Europe,
  • The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848,
  • The Making of Germany and Italy,
  • Visualising the Nation,
  • Nationalism and Imperialism
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Nationalism in India
• Sub-topic:
  • The First World War,
  • Khilafat and Non-Cooperation,
  • Differing Strands within the Movement,
  • Towards Civil Disobedience,
  • The Sense of Collective Belonging
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: The Making of a Global World
• Sub-topic:
  • The Pre-modern world,
  • The Nineteenth Century (1815-1914),
  • The Inter-war Economy, Rebuilding a World Economy: The Post-War Era
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: The Age of Industrialization
• Sub-topic:
  • Before the Industrial Revolution,
  • Hand Labour and Steam Power,
  • Industrialization in the Colonies,
  • Factories Come Up,
  • The Peculiarities of Industrial Growth,
  • Market for Goods
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Print Culture and the Modern World
• Sub-topic:
  • The First Printed Books,
  • Print Comes to Europe,
  • The Print Revolution and its Impact,
  • The Reading Mania,
  • The Nineteenth Century,
  • India and the World of Print,
  • Religious Reform and Public Debates,
  • New Forms of Publication,
  • Print and Censorship
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Resources and Development
• Sub-topic:
  • Concept, Development of Resources,
  • Resource Planning – Resource Planning in India,
  • Conservation of Resources,
  • Land Resources,
  • Land Utilization, Land Use Pattern in India,
  • Land Degradation and Conservation Measures,
  • Soil as a Resource – Classification of Soils,
  • Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Forest and Wildlife
• Sub-topic:
  • Conservation of forest and wildlife in India,
  • Types and distribution of forests and wildlife resources,
  • Community and Conservation
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Water Resources
• Sub-topic:
  • Water Scarcity and The Need for Water Conservation and Management
  • Multi-Purpose River Projects and Integrated Water Resources Management
  • Rainwater Harvesting
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Agriculture
• Sub-topic:
• Types of Farming – Primitive Subsistence, Intensive Subsistence, Commercial,
• Cropping Pattern – Major Crops, Food Crops other than Grains, Non-Food Crops,
• Technological and Institutional Reforms,
• Food Security (excluding impact of globalization on agriculture)
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Minerals and Energy Resources
• Sub-topic:
  • What is a mineral?,
  • Mode of occurrence of Minerals – Where are these minerals found?
  • Ferrous Minerals, Non-Ferrous Minerals, Non-Metallic Minerals, Rock Minerals,
  • Conservation of Minerals,
  • Energy Resources – Conventional Sources of Energy,
  • Non-Conventional Sources of Energy,
  • Conservation of Energy Resources
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Manufacturing Industries
• Sub-topic:
  • Importance of Manufacturing – Industrial Location (excluding Industry Market Linkage),
  • Agro-based Industry (excluding Cotton Textiles, Jute Textiles, Sugar Industry),
  • Mineral based Industries (excluding Iron Steel Industry, Cement Industry),
  • Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation, Control of Environmental Degradation
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Life Lines of National Economy
• Sub-topic:
  • Roadways, Railways, Pipelines, Waterways, Major Seaports, Airways,
  • Communication, International Trade, Tourism as a Trade
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Power Sharing
• Sub-topic:
  • Belgium and Sri Lanka, Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka,
  • Accommodation in Belgium,
  • Why power sharing is desirable?,
  • Forms of Power Sharing
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Federalism
• Sub-topic:
  • What is Federalism?, What makes India a Federal Country?,
  • How is Federalism practiced?, Decentralization in India
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Gender, Religion, and Caste
• Sub-topic:
  • Gender and Politics – Public/Private division, Women’s political representation, Religion, Communalism, and
  • Politics – Communalism, Secular State (excluding image on pages 46, 48, 49 of NCERT Textbook – Democratic Politics –II – reprinted edition 2021),
  • Caste and Politics – Caste inequalities, Caste in politics, Politics in caste
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Political Parties
• Sub-topic:
  • Why do we need Political Parties? – Meaning, Functions, Necessity,
  • How many parties should we have?,
  • National Parties, State Parties, Challenges to Political Parties,
  • How can Parties be reformed?
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Outcomes of Democracy
• Sub-topic:
  • How do we assess democracy’s outcomes?,
  • Accountable, responsive and legitimate government,
  • Economic growth and development,
  • Reduction of inequality and poverty,
  • Accommodation of social diversity,
  • Dignity, and freedom of the citizens
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Development
• Sub-topic:
  • What Development Promises – Different People, Different Goals, Income and Other Goals,
  • National Development, How to compare different countries or states?,
  • Income and other criteria, Public Facilities, Sustainability of Development
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Sectors of the Indian Economy
• Sub-topic:
  • Sectors of Economic Activities, Comparing the three sectors, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors in India,
  • Division of sectors as organised and unorganised,
  • Sectors in terms of ownership: Public and Private Sectors
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Money and Credit
• Sub-topic:
  • Money as a medium of exchange,
  • Modern forms of Money,
  • Loan activities of Banks,
  • Two different Credit situations,
  • Terms of Credit, Formal Sector Credit in India,
  • Self Help Groups for the Poor
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Globalisation and the Indian Economy
• Sub-topic:
  • Production across countries,
  • Interlinking production across countries,
  • Foreign Trade and Integration of markets,
  • What is Globalization?,
  • Factors that have enabled Globalization,
  • World Trade Organization,
  • Impact of Globalization in India,
  • The Struggle for a fair Globalization
• Weightage: 20 Marks

• Topic: Consumer Rights (Only for Project Work)
• Sub-topic:
  • Consumer Rights
• Weightage: 20 Marks

Prose

1. A Letter to God
2. Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom
3. Two Stories About Flying
4. From the Diary of Anne Frank
5. Glimpses of India
6. Mijbil the Otter
7. Madam Rides the Bus
8. The Sermon at Benares
9. The Proposal (Play)

Poems

1. Dust of Snow
2. Fire and Ice
3. A Tiger in the Zoo
4. How to Tell Wild Animals
5. The Ball Poem
6. Amanda!
7. The Trees
8. Fog
9. The Tale of Custard the Dragon
10. For Anne Gregory

1. A Triumph of Surgery
2. The Thief’s Story
3. The Midnight Visitor
4. A Question of Trust
5. Footprints Without Feet
6. The Making of a Scientist
7. The Necklace
8. Bholi
9. The Book That Saved the Earth

Words and Expressions – II (Workbook for Class X)

• Units 1 to 4
• Units 7 to 11