You must have heard from your school or tuition teacher about taking notes for Life Process chapter is very important, hence it has one of the weightage marks for CBSE Board 2024. Attending all questions from theses chapters can give opportunity to get 9 marks alone in science exam.
Therefore Life Processes Class 10 Notes Science Chapter 6 is very useful resource for you. Here we have created a easy to understand and learn the complete topic of the chapter so that you can write easily and on time in exam.
Weightage Of Life Process Chapter In Board 2024
| Marks | Number of Questions |
|---|---|
| 1 MCQs | 2 |
| 2 SA | 2 |
| 3 LA | 1 |
| 5 | – |
| 4 (Competency Based) | – |
| Total | 9 |
Life Process Class 10 Science Notes For Board 2024
The complete Life Process Chapter 6 contains topics such as Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, Excretion, Control and Coordination, Life process in plants and Nutrition In Amoeba.
In the below table you can see the overview of Life Process Notes:
What Is Life Process?
The process which maintain body functions and necessary for survival are called life process.
| Life Process Components | Description |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | – Modes of nutrition (Autotrophic and heterotrophic) |
| – Photosynthesis in plants: Process, factors, importance | |
| – Heterotrophic nutrition: Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation | |
| Respiration | – Cellular respiration (Aerobic and anaerobic) |
| – Respiration in plants and gaseous exchange | |
| Transportation | – Circulatory system in animals (heart, blood vessels, blood) |
| – Blood circulation and its importance | |
| – Lymphatic system and functions | |
| Excretion | – Excretion as waste elimination process |
| – Organs of excretion (Kidneys, nephrons, urine formation) | |
| – Excretory system in humans | |
| Control and Coordination | – Nervous system (Neurons, reflex action) |
| – Endocrine system (Glands, hormones, regulation) | |
| – Coordination in plants (Tropic and growth movements) | |
| Life Processes in Plants | – Transpiration and water movement |
| – Turgor pressure and wilting | |
| Nutrition in Amoeba | – Nutrition and digestion in Amoeba (unicellular example) |
Nutrition: Life Processes Class 10 Notes
Nutrition is the process where organisms consume and use food.
The need for nutrition arises from the requirement for energy and raw materials for growth and repair. Nutrients provide energy and essential materials.
Nutrients are essential substances for the growth and maintenance of the body.
- Macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide energy, while
- Micronutrients like minerals and vitamins are needed in smaller quantities.
Types Of Nutrition-Life Process Notes
Autotrophic Nutrition
The process by which organism synthesize its own food from simple inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water present in the surrounding environment is called as autotrophic nutrition.
- Eg- Green Plants and Bacteria
Heterotrophic Nutrition
Organisms that can’t synthesize there own food from simple inorganic
substances and obtain there own food from other organisms, this process is called heterotrophic nutrition.
- Eg- Animals and fungi
| Characteristic | Autotrophic Nutrition | Heterotrophic Nutrition |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Source | Sunlight or inorganic compounds | Organic compounds (food) |
| Carbon Source | Carbon dioxide (CO2) | Pre-formed organic compounds |
| Examples | Plants, algae, some bacteria | Animals, fungi, many bacteria |
| Main Process | Photosynthesis | Ingestion and digestion |
| Chlorophyll | Contains chlorophyll | Lacks chlorophyll |
| Feeding Mechanism | Self-feeding | External feeding |
| Examples of Organs | Chloroplasts | Stomach, intestines, etc. |
| Waste Products | Oxygen (O2) production | Carbon dioxide (CO2), waste products |
| Energy Storage | Carbohydrates (e.g., glucose) | Glycogen (animals), starch (plants) |
Photosynthesis: Nutrition In Plants
The process by which green plants takes in inorganic substances like CARBON DIOXIDE (CO₂) and WATER (H₂O) and convert them into food (like glucose) in the presence of SUNLIGHT and CHLOROPHYLL is called PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
OXYGEN gas is released during PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
‘Photo’ means ‘light’ and ‘synthesis’ means to ‘build’, thus ‘photosynthesis’ means ‘building up by light’.
Equation:
- The overall chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
$6\text{CO}2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} \xrightarrow{\text{Light energy}} \text{C}_6\text{H}{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2$ - This equation represents the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
Process:
- Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
- It involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).
- Light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane and involve the conversion of light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).
- The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma and involves the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions.
Factors affecting Photosynthesis:
- Light intensity: Photosynthesis rate increases with an increase in light intensity until a certain point.
- Carbon dioxide concentration: Higher concentrations of carbon dioxide generally lead to increased photosynthesis.
- Temperature: Optimal temperature range is crucial for efficient photosynthesis. Extreme temperatures can negatively impact the process.
5. Significance:
- Photosynthesis is crucial for the production of oxygen, which is essential for the survival of living organisms.
- It provides the primary source of organic compounds and energy for plants.