NCERT Solutions for Class 10 How do Organisms Reproduce

In this article, you will learn all about NCERT solutions for class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce? find all about class 10 additional questions with answers to class 10 How do Organisms Reproduce?

You will find the answer to every question in Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Notes along with complete step-wise solutions for a better understanding of the questions. This will help you in your home assignments and also in your practice sessions.

Read on to learn all about How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10.

Free Download NCERT Solutions For Class 10 ScienceChapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce PDF In Hindi & English Medium For CBSE, Uttarakhand, Bihar & MP Board Students, Gujarat Board & UP Board Students Using NCERT Books Based On CBSE Revised Syllabus 2022-23.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce

Before going into the specifics of NCERT solutions for class 10 Science Chapter 7 How do Organisms Reproduce, let us have a brief overview of the topics and sub-topics covered under class 10 How do Organisms Reproduce NCERT questions such as:

1. How Do Organisms Reproduce?
2. Do Organisms Create Exact Copies Of Themselves?
3. Modes Of Reproduction Used By Single Organisms
4. Sexual Reproduction

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Ch7 How do Organisms Textbook Questions Solutions

Question 1
Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in
(a) amoeba
(b) yeast
(c) plasmodium
(d) leishmania
Answer:
(b) Yeast

Question 2
Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system in human beings?
(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Vas deferens
(d) Fallopian tube
Answer:
(c) Vas deferens

Question 3
The anther contains
(a) sepals
(b) ovules
(c) carpel
(d) pollen grains
Answer:
(d) Pollen grains

Question 4
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Answer:
(I) In asexual reproduction, because the child inherits the same genes as its parent, the offspring are very similar to the parent. Thus, there is very little genetic variation in asexual reproduction, which is a disadvantage because this prevents further development of the organism.
(ii) In sexual reproduction, the offspring are not identical to their parents, nor are they identical to each other. The offspring inherit some of the mother’s genes and some of the father’s.Because of this, sexual reproduction results in greater diversity in the population. A species (an animal or plant) can quickly adapt to changes in its environment because there are always going to be some individuals that are better able to adapt than others, and they will survive and reproduce on their own.

Question 5
What are the functions performed by the testis in human beings?
Answer:
The functions of testes in humans are following :
(i) After puberty, human male testes produce sperms (male gametes).
(ii) The testes produce a hormone called testosterone. Testosterone is responsible for the growth of reproductive organs as well as secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 6
Why does menstruation occur?
Answer:
When the ovum or egg does not fertilize (because the female body does not have access to sperm), the uterine thick and soft lining is no longer required and breaks down. Therefore, the uterine thin lining, along with blood vessels and dead ovum or egg, comes out of the vagina in the blood called menstrual blood. Menstruation happens after 28 days of ovulation and the menstrual cycle lasts about 14 days.

Question 7
Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.
Answer:

Question 8
What are the different methods of contraception?
Answer:
The different methods of contraception are as follows:
(i) Barrier method: In the barrier method, you will use a condom, Diaphragm, and Cervical Caps. These prevent sperm from entering the G-spot during sex.
(ii) Chemical method: In this method, a woman takes two types of pills: (oral and vaginal) pills. Oral pills are hormonal contraceptives that prevent the ovaries from releasing into the fallopian tubes. These pills are also known as oral contraceptives. Vaginal pills/creams are called spermicides. The chemicals present in spermicides kill sperm as they travel through the vaginal tract.
(iii) Intrauterine contraceptive devices: An intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) like copper-T is inserted into the uterus by an experienced doctor. It stops sperm from entering the uterus.
(iv) Surgical method: This method involves the surgical removal of a small portion of the male vas deferene and female fallopian tube. It is also known as vasectomy for men and tubectomy for women.

Question 9
How are the modes of reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Answer:

Reproduction mode in unicellular organisms	Reproduction mode in multicellular organisms
(i) A sexual reproduction takes place in unicellular organisms.	(i) Sexual reproduction takes place in multicellular organisms.
(ii) Only one organism is required in this method.	(iv) Special organs are present for reproduction located at a fixed position in the body.
(iii) No special cells are present for reproduction.	(ii) A male and a female are both required in this method.
(iv) No special organs are present for reproduction.	(iv) Special organs are present for reproduction located at the fixed position in the body.

Question 10
How does reproduction help in providing stability to populations of species?
Answer:
The introduction of variations during reproduction provides stability to the populations of various species by preventing them from getting wiped out during adverse conditions. Reproduction also helps to generate copies of individuals which are suited to a particular environment.

Question 11
What could be the reasons for adopting contraceptive methods?
Answer:
The reasons for adopting contraceptive devices are as follows:

• control the birth rate and prevent the increase in population.
• reduce the adverse effects on the mother’s body due to frequent pregnancy.
• provide safety from sexually transmitted diseases.

How do Organisms Reproduce Important 🔥Board Exam Questions?

• 1. Asexual Reproduction
  • Gamete formation and fusion do not take place.
  • The offspring produced are nearly identical to both each other and the parent organism.
  • Asexual reproduction commonly takes place in favourable environmental conditions and when there is an ample food supply.
  • It is a quicker mode of reproduction.
• Binary Fission
  • Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction commonly observed in single-celled organisms such as bacteria and protozoa. In this process, the parent organism divides into two identical daughter cells.
• Multiple Fission
  • Plasmodium, a malarial parasite, exhibits the formation of a thick resistant wall by the parent cell around itself, creating a cyst, during unfavourable conditions. Within this cyst, the cytoplasm undergoes multiple divisions, resulting in the formation of numerous plasmodia. When conditions become favourable, the cyst wall breaks, releasing the Plasmodium organisms.
• Budding
  • Budding is a form of asexual reproduction seen in organisms like yeast and hydra. In this process, a small bud or outgrowth develops on the parent organism, eventually detaching and growing into a new individual.
• Spore Formation
  • The organisms in fungi, algae, and some plants utilize spore formation as a method of asexual reproduction. These organisms produce specialized structures called spores, which have the ability to develop into new individuals when favourable conditions are present.

Human Being Reproduction

Human beings actively engage in sexual reproduction. The male parent actively produces male gametes known as sperms. Sperms, possessing tails, exhibit motility. They are produced in large quantities within the testes. On the other hand, the female parent actively produces female gametes called ova. Ova are larger in size, non-motile, and only one ovum is produced by one ovary per month. Sperms do not store food, whereas ova contain stored food. Both gametes are microscopic unicellular structures and have half the number of chromosomes compared to body cells.

Human beings enter a phase of reproductive activity upon reaching puberty. Puberty, occurring during adolescence, marks a decrease in the rate of general body growth and the maturation of reproductive tissues. Males experience the onset of puberty between the ages of 11 to 13, while females experience it between the ages of 10 to 12. Puberty encompasses various physical, mental, emotional, and psychological changes in both boys and girls, which occur gradually over time. For instance, thick and dark hair begins to grow in new body regions such as the armpits and genital area. Thinner hair may appear on the legs, arms, and face. The skin becomes oilier, and facial pimples may emerge. Individuals become more body-conscious, and independent, and may display increased aggression.

Male Reproduction System

The male reproductive system is a complex and fascinating part of the human body. It plays a vital role in the process of human reproduction, enabling the creation of new life. In this article, we will explore the anatomy and functions of the male reproductive system, shedding light on its various components and their significance. By gaining a deeper understanding of how this intricate system operates, we can appreciate its importance in the overall reproductive process.

• Testes come in pairs.
• Ducts form a system.
  • Epididymis
  • Sperm duct or vas deferens exists.
  • Urethra
• A system of glands
  • Seminal vesicles
  • Prostrate gland
  • Cowper’s gland

The scrotum, a bag-like structure, contains one pair of testes, which lie outside the abdominal cavity. This positioning is extra-abdominal. The testes need to be maintained at a temperature 1-3 degrees lower than the body to facilitate the production of functional sperms.

Functions of testes

• Producing male gametes, i.e., sperms.
• Producing a male reproductive hormone called testosterone, produces sperm as well as secondary sexual characteristics in males.

The epididymis attaches to each testis, and it highly coils into a tube. It stores the sperm and facilitates their maturation. The sperm duct or vas deferens receives each epididymis. The vas deferens ascend and enter the abdominal cavity. It combines with the duct from the urinary bladder, forming a common duct called the urethra. The urethra passes through the penis and has an external opening. Along the pathway, the ducts of the three glands also open and release their secretions into the vas deferens.

The testes are the primary organs of the male reproductive system responsible for the production of sperm. They are located within the scrotum, a sac-like structure outside the body, which helps regulate the temperature necessary for sperm production.

Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system is an intricate and fascinating part of the human body. It plays a crucial role in the creation of life and encompasses various organs and processes that work together harmoniously. Understanding the female reproductive system is essential for women’s health and overall well-being. In this article, we will explore the different components of the female reproductive system, their functions, and common concerns associated with it.

Each ovary assumes an almond shape and resides within the abdominal cavity. At birth, every girl child possesses thousands of immature ova. The maturation of these ova commences only during puberty. One ovary produces a single ovum per month, with each ovary releasing an ovum every other month. The process of the ovum being released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity is referred to as ovulation.

The functions of the ovary

• produce and release ova
• produce female reproductive hormones: estrogen and progesterone.

Vagina

The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina, which is a muscular tube responsible for delivering the baby after nine months. Additionally, the vagina acts as the canal for receiving semen during copulation.

During copulation, the male discharges semen into the vaginal tract. The sperms travel upward and reach the fallopian tube, where one sperm fuses with the ovum to form the zygote. As the zygote descends into the uterus, it undergoes division and further multiplication. The embryo then implants itself into the thickened endometrium.

To obtain nutrition, the embryo relies on the mother’s blood facilitated by the placenta, a disk-like structure embedded in the uterine wall. The placenta features finger-like villi on the embryo’s side, while blood spaces surround the villi on the mother’s side. The villi provide an extensive surface area for the exchange of glucose, oxygen, and waste materials between the mother and the developing embryo.

When the embryo reaches a stage resembling a human, it is referred to as a fetus. The fetus continues to develop inside the uterus for approximately nine months until rhythmic contractions of the uterine muscles lead to the delivery of the baby.